Kvazar · Cities · Tashkent

Tashkent: what to see in a city built twice over

Uzbekistan's capital is over two thousand years old — yet you can barely see that age: the 1966 earthquake erased the old town, and Tashkent was rebuilt from scratch. In return it holds the world's oldest Quran, and its metro runs like an underground museum.

A Kvazar guide · Updated 2026 · ~10 min read

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Most travellers arrive in Uzbekistan through Tashkent — and often rush straight through it on the way to Samarkand and Bukhara. That's a mistake. Tashkent is unlike the country's other cities: you don't come here hunting for medieval ensembles, because the capital's real story isn't its antiquity but how a vast Eastern metropolis reassembled itself after a catastrophe. Grasp that story and you'll see far more in Tashkent than a checklist. Let's unpack what to see, in what order, and why.

In short: the essentials of Tashkent are the Hazrati Imam complex (home to the world's oldest Quran), the old town with Chorsu Bazaar and the Kukeldash Madrasah, Amir Temur Square, the ornate Tashkent metro and the modern Tashkent City district. One to three days is enough for an overview. The city is over 2,000 years old, but little historic fabric survives: the devastating earthquake of 26 April 1966 destroyed old Tashkent, and it was rebuilt anew.

How is Tashkent different from Samarkand and Bukhara?

Tashkent is the largest city in Central Asia and the capital of Uzbekistan, the arrival point for most travellers. Unlike Samarkand and Bukhara, its appeal isn't preserved antiquity but contrast: Soviet modernist architecture, wide avenues and green boulevards sit alongside surviving pockets of the old town, mosques and bazaars. It's a city of over two million that looks forward rather than back.

If Samarkand stuns with scale, Bukhara with depth and Khiva survives whole, Tashkent is more honestly read as a modern capital with flecks of antiquity than as an open-air museum. That's exactly why it works so well as a "gateway" to the country: it's a good place to acclimatise, to grasp the scale and rhythm of Uzbekistan, and to set off from toward the great Silk Road cities.

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What happened to Tashkent in 1966?

Early in the morning of 26 April 1966 Tashkent suffered a catastrophic earthquake: magnitude around 5, but because the focus was shallow and almost beneath the city centre, the effect at the surface exceeded intensity 8. The old mud-brick city was largely destroyed and hundreds of thousands were left homeless. Aftershocks went on for months. The city was rebuilt with resources from across the USSR — hence its wide avenues and modernist architecture.

This is the key to understanding Tashkent. What many take for an "absence of antiquity" is in fact the trace of a disaster and a vast reconstruction. The surviving mud-brick quarters and monuments of the old town are therefore especially precious: there are few of them, and each is a witness to the earlier Tashkent. Once you know this, the Soviet mosaic facades and metro stations stop being "just background" and read as a monument to a great rebuilding.

Samarkand keeps its past. Tashkent lost it — and reassembled itself. This is not a museum-city but a phoenix.

What are Tashkent's main sights?

The essential minimum: the Hazrati Imam (Hast-Imam) complex with the world's oldest Quran, Chorsu Bazaar and the Kukeldash Madrasah in the old town, Amir Temur Square and garden in the centre, Independence Square, the ornate metro stations, and a panorama from the TV tower or the Tashkent City district.

Hazrati Imam and the world's oldest Quran

The city's main spiritual site is the Hazrati Imam ensemble (locally Hast-Imam), deep in the old town. It grew around the tomb of Tashkent's first imam — the 10th-century scholar and preacher Abu Bakr Kaffal al-Shashi. The complex includes mosques, two madrasahs, a library and the Hazrati Imam Friday mosque (2007). Its great treasure is the world's oldest surviving manuscript Quran, the so-called Uthman Quran, traditionally dated to the 7th century and written on parchment; by tradition it travelled via Damascus and Samarkand, and was brought here by Tamerlane himself. Many of the buildings around are the very mud-brick houses that withstood 1966.

Amir Temur Square and garden

The heart of modern Tashkent is Amir Temur Square, with an equestrian statue of the founder of the Timurid empire; ornate buildings and museums stand nearby. It's a convenient place to start a walk through the centre. For more on Amir Temur and his legacy, see our dedicated piece.

Independence Square and the centre

Independence Square (Mustaqillik), with its monument, is the capital's ceremonial face and a good starting point if you have only one day. Around it are avenues, the Ankhor and Kalkauz canals, and green boulevards pleasant to stroll in the warm season.

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What to see in the old town and at the bazaar?

The heart of old Tashkent is Chorsu Bazaar under its blue dome — one of the oldest and largest markets on the Silk Road — and the neighbouring 16th-century Kukeldash Madrasah. Around them lies a maze of mahallas (traditional residential quarters) that survived 1966. This is the most "Eastern" and lively part of the city.

Chorsu Bazaar is a must: under the huge dome they sell fruit, dried fruit, spices, nuts, ceramics and souvenirs, and nearby they cook plov and samsa. The Kukeldash Madrasah (16th century) was once to Tashkent roughly what the Registan is to Samarkand — its principal religious school. The bazaar is closed on Mondays — keep that in mind when planning.

Is the Tashkent metro really a sight?

Yes. The Tashkent metro (opened 1977, the first in Central Asia) is an underground museum: stations finished in marble and granite and decorated with ceramics, mosaics, bas-reliefs and themed lighting. The Kosmonavtlar station with its space mosaics and the Alisher Navoi station are especially famous. A ride costs next to nothing, and photography is now allowed.

Riding a few stations just for their decor is one of the best and cheapest experiences in the city. Photography used to be banned (the stations were treated as strategic objects); those restrictions have been lifted. Allow 1–1.5 hours to step out at the 3–4 most beautiful stations.

How many days do you need for Tashkent?

One to three days is enough for an overview. In one day you can realistically see Independence Square, Amir Temur Square and Hazrati Imam. In two, add the old town with Chorsu and Kukeldash and the metro. In three, head out to modern Tashkent City and climb the TV tower for the panorama.

Many use Tashkent as a base: the high-speed Afrosiyob train runs from here to Samarkand in about 2 hours — handy for combining the capital with the Silk Road cities on one route.

Where can you eat plov in Tashkent?

The best-known spot is the Plov Centre (Tashkent Plov Centre), where giant cauldrons cook from the morning and the plov often runs out by lunchtime. Plov and other Uzbek dishes are also served in teahouses across the city and at Chorsu Bazaar itself. Go for plov in the first half of the day.

Tashkent is a good place to get a taste of Uzbek cuisine before travelling the country: plov, tandoor samsa, lagman, kebabs, fresh flatbread and green tea. A detailed breakdown of the dishes will follow in our food cluster.

Transport and when to go?

The easiest ways around the city are the metro and taxis (ride-hailing apps work and trips are cheap). The best times to visit are spring (April–May) and autumn (September–October): comfortable weather and either blossom or mild warmth. Summer in Tashkent is hot, winter cool and short.

Detailed practicalities — visas, money, SIM cards, safety — we cover in the Atlas section. If you're planning a route through the country, Tashkent makes sense as the first or last point, tied to your flight.

Frequently asked questions about Tashkent

Should you stay in Tashkent or head straight to Samarkand?

It's worth setting aside at least one full day. Tashkent offers a different angle on the country — a modern capital that survived the 1966 earthquake, with the world's oldest Quran and a museum-like metro. It's good acclimatisation before the ancient Silk Road cities.

Why are there so few ancient monuments in Tashkent?

The city is over 2,000 years old, but the catastrophic earthquake of 26 April 1966 destroyed much of the old mud-brick city. Tashkent was rebuilt anew, so the surviving monuments of the old town are especially precious and cluster mainly around Hazrati Imam and Chorsu Bazaar.

Which Quran is kept at Hazrati Imam?

The so-called Uthman Quran — one of the oldest surviving Quran manuscripts, traditionally dated to the 7th century and written on parchment. By tradition the manuscript passed through Damascus and Samarkand and is linked to Tamerlane. It's the complex's principal relic.

Can you take photos in the metro?

Yes, now you can. The Tashkent metro was previously treated as a strategic object and photography was banned, but those restrictions have been lifted. The stations, with their mosaics, marble and bas-reliefs, are a sight in their own right.

When is the best time to visit Tashkent?

Spring (April–May) and autumn (September–October) are ideal: comfortable temperatures and pleasant weather for walking. Summer is hot, winter cool and short.

Want to see Tashkent not as a "transit city" but as a phoenix capital with a story of its own?

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