Kvazar · Cities · Andijan

The Jami Complex: The One That Outlived the Earthquake

In 1902 a terrible earthquake almost wiped Andijan off the map — thousands died, whole quarters collapsed. But the Jami congregational mosque, with its 32-meter minaret, the tallest in the entire Ferghana Valley, stood firm. Today it's the city's main architectural monument.

A Kvazar guide · Updated 2026 · ~7 min read

If the Babur park keeps the memory of a great native son, the Jami complex is the material heart of historic Andijan. Built at the end of the 19th century, it became the largest religious ensemble in the whole Ferghana Valley. And, most valuably, it survived the catastrophe that changed the city: the destructive earthquake of 1902. The surviving mosque and minaret are not only a beautiful sight but a symbol of Andijan's resilience.

In short: the Jami complex is the largest historic-architectural monument of Andijan — a congregational (Friday) mosque of the late 19th century with a minaret and a madrasa. The ensemble was built around 1883–1890 and occupies about 1.5 hectares; the length of the mosque's main facade exceeds 120 meters. The 32-meter minaret is the tallest in the whole Ferghana Valley. Masters such as Isakhan, Yusufali Musayev and others took part in its construction. During the destructive earthquake of 1902 the complex was damaged (the side "wings" of the madrasa collapsed), but on the whole it survived, while most of the city was destroyed. Today the complex grounds house the regional literary-art museum.

What is the Jami complex?

The Jami complex is Andijan's main architectural ensemble, uniting a congregational mosque, a minaret and a madrasa. It was raised at the end of the 19th century, around 1883–1890, on the site of an earlier mosque. "Jami" means "congregational" — that is, this was the city's main Friday mosque, where the whole community gathered. The ensemble occupies about one and a half hectares in the historic center of Andijan.

The appearance of so large a complex was tied to the city's growing importance: in that era, the status of a city was conferred on settlements with a congregational mosque, and each strove to outdo its neighbors in the grandeur of its own. The Andijan Jami became the largest in the whole Ferghana Valley — the city's bid for primacy in the region.

How large is this ensemble?

The scale of the complex is impressive even today. The length of the mosque's main facade exceeds 120 meters, with a long row of arched spans running along it (about 26, by the sources). The wooden columns of the iwan are decorated with fine carving, considered a benchmark of Ferghana craftsmanship. The madrasa originally had a U-shape, and the whole ensemble grounds cover some 1.5 hectares.

The mosque's main facade, in the Muslim tradition, faces Mecca. The long colonnade of the iwan and the extended facade create a sense of monumentality unusual for most buildings in the valley. The woodcarving on the columns is a work of art in itself, worth examining the iwan up close for.

What is the minaret famous for?

The Jami complex's minaret, 32 meters tall, is the highest in the entire Ferghana Valley. It's built of brick on an octagonal base, with an octagonal gallery on the first tier. Slender and soaring, it serves as Andijan's main vertical dominant and is visible from afar. From it, by tradition, the faithful were called to prayer.

The minaret is both the main landmark and a symbol of the city. Its height is no accident: it underscored the status of the Andijan congregational mosque as the largest in the valley. The fact that it was the minaret, together with the mosque, that survived the 1902 earthquake gave it an added symbolic meaning — as a surviving witness of old Andijan.

32 meters — a record for the valley. The minaret of Andijan's Jami is the tallest historic structure in the Ferghana Valley. The octagonal base and gallery make it a recognizable silhouette of the city. For comparison: the minaret of the congregational mosque in Kokand rises about 22 meters.

What happened in 1902?

In 1902 Andijan went through one of the most destructive earthquakes in its history: thousands of residents died, most houses and many structures collapsed. The Jami complex was damaged too — the side "wings" of the madrasa collapsed, and mainly the main facade survived. But the mosque and the tall minaret on the whole stood firm, becoming some of the few surviving historic buildings in the city.

This catastrophe largely shaped the appearance of modern Andijan: a significant part of the city had to be rebuilt. Against the mass destruction, the surviving Jami complex took on a special value — as a visible thread linking today's city with its pre-revolutionary past. So the monument is treated here with particular respect.

The 1902 earthquake flattened the city — but the mosque and its 32-meter minaret remained standing.

What can you see today?

Today the Jami complex is Andijan's main historic sight. The monumental mosque with its long carved iwan, the tall minaret and the main facade of the madrasa survive. The complex grounds house the regional literary-art museum, whose exhibition spans the history and culture of the region from antiquity to the present day.

A walk through the complex lets you appreciate both the scale and the finesse of Ferghana craftsmen: from the long row of arches to the carved wooden columns and the lattices with geometric pattern in the madrasa. For the traveler, it's the best place in Andijan to feel the atmosphere of the city in the era of the Kokand Khanate and tsarist times.

How do you get to the complex?

The Jami complex is in the center of Andijan — the administrative center of the Andijan region in the east of the Ferghana Valley. The city is reached from Ferghana (about one and a half to two hours) or from Tashkent (by air or overland via the Kamchik pass). This is a working mosque, so when visiting it's important to dress modestly and respect those at prayer.

Seeing the complex with the museum takes about an hour. It makes sense to combine it with the Babur park on the Bagh-i-Shamol hill — the two main points of Andijan. And the whole city fits conveniently into a route through the Ferghana Valley with Ferghana, Margilan and Kokand, to see the region as a whole.

Frequently asked questions about the Jami complex

What does the Jami complex include?

A congregational mosque, a minaret and a madrasa, plus the regional literary-art museum on the grounds. The ensemble occupies about 1.5 hectares.

When was it built?

Around 1883–1890, at the end of the 19th century, on the site of an earlier mosque.

How tall is the minaret?

32 meters — the tallest minaret in the whole Ferghana Valley. It stands on an octagonal base with a gallery.

Is it true the complex survived the earthquake?

Yes. During the destructive 1902 earthquake that destroyed most of Andijan, the mosque and minaret on the whole stood firm, although the side wings of the madrasa collapsed.

Is it a working mosque?

Yes, the Jami congregational mosque is active. When visiting, dress modestly and respect those at prayer.

How do you get there?

The complex is in the center of Andijan. The city is reached from Ferghana or from Tashkent (by air or via the Kamchik pass).

Want to see Uzbekistan the way the people who live here see it?

Become a Kvazar Explorer →